Izhar is one of Tajweed rules, and the word (Izhar) is an Arabic word which means Manifestation. Izhar in Tajweed means to pronounce the letter from its exit in a clear sound without stopping, silence, Ghunna or stress.
Conditions of Izhar:
Applying Izhar needs some conditions which are; presence of Noon Sakinah (static Noon) or Tanween ( Nunation), followed -in the same word or in the next word- by one of the Izhar letters. So here, the Noon or Tanween, and the Izhar letter, both are pronounced clearly.
Letters of Izhar:
They are six letters which are;
Alif, H, Ain, Ghin, Haa’, Khaa’.
Examples for Izhar:
Klon-Aamn, as you can see “n” is a Tanween and followed at the beginning of the next word by “A” which is Alif letter. So the Tanween and the Alif are pronounced clearly.
Jorfn-Har, in this example, we can see “n” which is a Tanween followed at the beginning of the next word by the “H” letter. So the Tanween and H are pronounced clearly too.
Anamat, and here also the letter of “n” which is Noon letter, is followed by “a” which is Ain letter. So the Noon letter and the Ain letter are pronounce clearly.
ILahn-Ghirh, as you can see the “n” is a Tanween, and followed by “Gh” which is Ghin letter. So the Tanween and the Ghin letter are pronounced clearly.
Tanhtoon, here the “n” is Noon letter followed by “h” which is Haa’ letter, and here the Noon letter and Haa’ letter are pronounced clearly.
Alimn-Khaber, and here, “n” is a Tanween, and followed by the “Kh” which is Khaa’ letter at the beginning of the next word. So the Tanween and the Khaa’ letter are pronounced clearly.
Types of Izhar:
Izhar or Mnifestation has three types as following;
Pharyngeal Izhar: it is the most common one, it happens when the Noon Sakinah or Tanween is followed by one of the Izhar letters, and it is called Pharyngeal because all the Izhar letters (Alif, H, Ain, Ghin, Haa’, Khaa’} are pronounced from the throat or the pharynx.
Ultimate Izhar: it is the Izhar of the Noon Sakinah (static Noon) followed by a “Waw” letter or “Yaa” letter which are letters of Idgham, in the same word. And it is called ultimate Izhar because it is not related to throat or lips to be pronounced. The Ultimate Izhar came in the Quran in only four words:
{
Senwan, Qenwan, Bonyan, Al-Donya}, as you can see, in each word of them there is the Noon Sakinah followed by Yaa’ or Waw letter in the same word.
Oral Izhar: It is related to Meem Sakinah, and it happens when any letter of the alphabetic letters -except for Baa’ and Meem letters- comes after Meem sakinah, so this Meem is pronounced clearly without Ikhfa or Idgham.
As in (Yamshoon).
Ranks of Izhar:
Izhar as a rule of Tajweed has three ranks; the top one happens with Alif and H letters, the middle one happens with Ain and Haa’ letters, and the lower one happens with Ghin and Khaa’ letters.
The reason of Izhar:
Izhar is applied because of the distance between the exit of the Noon letter or the Tanween and the exit of the letters of Izhar. So we don’t need here to use Idgham or Ikhfaa, we just pronounce each letter clearly; the Noon sakinah or Tanween and also the letter of Izhar are both pronounced clearly.
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